{"id":71812,"date":"2025-06-30T12:16:00","date_gmt":"2025-06-30T10:16:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/valoxy.org\/blog\/?p=71812"},"modified":"2025-10-01T13:57:08","modified_gmt":"2025-10-01T11:57:08","slug":"laccessibilite-numerique","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/valoxy.org\/blog\/laccessibilite-numerique\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u2019accessibilit\u00e9 num\u00e9rique\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>La nouvelle directive europ\u00e9enne sur l\u2019accessibilit\u00e9 num\u00e9rique (European Accessibility Act) oblige tous les services digitaux \u00e0 faciliter leurs usages pour les personnes en situation de handicap. Elle est entr\u00e9e en vigueur ce samedi 28&nbsp;juin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Qu\u2019est-ce que \u00e7a veut dire ? Qu\u2019est-ce que \u00e7a va changer pour les personnes en situation de handicap ? Et pour les entreprises ? Valoxy, cabinet d\u2019expertise comptable dans les Hauts de France, r\u00e9pond \u00e0 ces questions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019accessibilit\u00e9 num\u00e9rique met les ressources num\u00e9riques \u00e0 la disposition de tous. Et ce, quels que soient les mat\u00e9riels, les logiciels et l\u2019infrastructure r\u00e9seau des supports. Quelles que soient aussi la langue maternelle, la culture, la localisation g\u00e9ographique, ou les aptitudes physiques ou mentales des utilisateurs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Objectifs<\/strong> de l&rsquo;accessibilit\u00e9 num\u00e9rique<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>La mesure a pour objectif de rendre plus accessibles les sites internet (<a href=\"https:\/\/valoxy.org\/blog\/e-commerce-regles-a-respecter\/\">e-commerce<\/a>, m\u00e9dias en ligne\u2026), applications, plateformes, appareils num\u00e9riques, et les guichets \u00e9lectroniques (banque, gares, DAB, etc.). La navigation sur ces outils doit \u00eatre rendue plus facile, quel que soit le handicap (visuel, moteur ou cognitif). Les personnes en situation de handicap doivent pouvoir avoir acc\u00e8s \u00e0 tout leur contenu. Il s\u2019agit d\u2019une condition essentielle pour que chacun, quelle que soit sa situation, trouve sa place dans la soci\u00e9t\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(Seuls 5&nbsp;% \u00e0 25&nbsp;% des sites marchands en Europe seraient aujourd\u2019hui utilisables par les personnes en situation de handicap).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>En France, la \u201cLoi handicap\u201d, du 11 f\u00e9vrier 2005, a pos\u00e9 les bases de l\u2019\u00e9galit\u00e9 des droits des personnes en situation de handicap. Elle pose notamment pour principe que les \u00e9tablissements recevant du public (ERP) doivent \u00eatre accessibles \u00e0 tous les types de handicap, et permettre \u00e0 tout le monde, sans distinction, de pouvoir y acc\u00e9der, y circuler et recevoir les informations diffus\u00e9es. (Voir notre article <a href=\"https:\/\/valoxy.org\/blog\/le-registre-public-daccessibilite-rpa-obligatoire-pour-les-erp\/\">Le registre public d\u2019accessibilit\u00e9 (RPA), obligatoire pour les ERP<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/jorf\/id\/JORFTEXT000048178349\">d\u00e9cret 2023-931 du 9 octobre 2023<\/a> relatif \u00e0 l&rsquo;accessibilit\u00e9 aux personnes handicap\u00e9es des produits et services est en quelque sorte, le \u201cpendant num\u00e9rique\u201d de l\u2019accessibilit\u00e9 physique. Il int\u00e8gre les directives europ\u00e9ennes dans le droit fran\u00e7ais. Il fixe l\u2019obligation de conformit\u00e9 au 28 Juin 2025 pour tous les produits et services commercialis\u00e9s \u00e0 partir de cette date.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Quels sites et produits sont concern\u00e9s&nbsp;?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Ces nouvelles obligations s\u2019appliquent \u00e0 toutes les entreprises :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>r\u00e9alisant plus de 2&nbsp;millions d\u2019\u20ac de CA,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>fournissant des produits et services tels que sites Web, applications, appareils \u00e9lectroniques (t\u00e9l\u00e9viseurs, smartphones, ordinateurs, consoles de jeux), liseuses num\u00e9riques, distributeurs automatiques, etc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019obligation concerne \u00e9galement les entreprises non europ\u00e9ennes si elles proposent leurs services ou produits sur le march\u00e9 unique europ\u00e9en. Ainsi, tous les g\u00e9ants du e-commerce et les Gafa devront s\u2019y conformer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Que signifie rendre un site accessible&nbsp;?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Le World Wide Web Consortium, l\u2019organisme international charg\u00e9 d\u2019\u00e9tablir les standards du web, avait d\u00e9fini d\u00e8s 1999 les premi\u00e8res recommandations techniques pour rendre les contenus Web et num\u00e9rique accessibles. Il s\u2019agit des normes WCAG. La directive europ\u00e9enne se base sur leur derni\u00e8re mise \u00e0 jour.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ces standards se structurent autour de quatre principes. Un site Web doit \u00eatre perceptible, op\u00e9rable, compr\u00e9hensible et robuste. Tous doivent percevoir l&rsquo;information, gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la vue, l\u2019audition et le toucher. Un site doit&nbsp;:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>pouvoir s\u2019utiliser avec diff\u00e9rents moyens de navigation (sans souris, avec un clavier seul),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00eatre r\u00e9dig\u00e9 avec des instructions claires,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00eatre bien organis\u00e9, et compatible avec toutes les technologies d\u2019assistance (assistants de lecture d\u2019\u00e9cran pour les aveugles, etc.).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Il faut donc&nbsp;:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>assurer une navigation fluide et coh\u00e9rente (signaler tout changement de page, par exemple),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>introduire des textes alternatifs sur les images,&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>sous-titrer et transcrire les contenus audio et vid\u00e9o,&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>veiller \u00e0 offrir des contrastes de couleurs suffisants,&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>rendre tous les formulaires accessibles,&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>soigner le code HTML pour les assistants de navigation,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>etc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00ab\u00a0<em>L\u2019accessibilit\u00e9 est souvent un aspect n\u00e9glig\u00e9 lors de la conception d\u2019un site Internet. Certains d\u00e9veloppeurs estiment en effet que cela complexifie l\u2019architecture du site, et n\u2019aide pas sur le plan esth\u00e9tique. Les d\u00e9fenseurs de ces normes, au contraire, affirment qu\u2019elles permettent d\u2019am\u00e9liorer la navigation pour tout le monde, en \u00e9liminant le superflu\u00a0\u00bb.<\/em> (Voir le <a href=\"https:\/\/design.numerique.gouv.fr\/accessibilite-numerique\/\">site du gouvernement<\/a> sur l\u2019accessibilit\u00e9 num\u00e9rique).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Comment se faire aider&nbsp;?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>La mise aux normes d\u2019un site e\u2011commerce peut varier \u00e9norm\u00e9ment, en fonction de la taille et de la complexit\u00e9 des plateformes. L\u2019\u00c9tat fournit gratuitement en ligne <a href=\"https:\/\/ara.numerique.gouv.fr\/\">l&rsquo;outil ARA<\/a>, pour r\u00e9aliser des audits sur l\u2019accessibilit\u00e9 des services. Les r\u00e9gions, BPiFrance et France Num proposent \u00e9galement des aides qui peuvent couvrir 50 \u00e0 80% des d\u00e9penses de mise aux normes pour les PME.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le Fonds pour l\u2019insertion des personnes handicap\u00e9es dans la fonction publique (FIPHFP) propose un accompagnement financier pour les organismes publics et les entreprises priv\u00e9es d\u00e9l\u00e9gataires d\u2019une mission d\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat g\u00e9n\u00e9ral.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pour faciliter la mise en accessibilit\u00e9 des sites et services num\u00e9riques, la <a href=\"https:\/\/www.numerique.gouv.fr\/\">Direction interminist\u00e9rielle du num\u00e9rique (DINUM)<\/a> \u00e9dite \u00e9galement le r\u00e9f\u00e9rentiel g\u00e9n\u00e9ral d\u2019am\u00e9lioration de l\u2019accessibilit\u00e9 (RGAA&nbsp;4).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Quelles sanctions&nbsp;?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Le respect de cette nouvelle directive europ\u00e9enne sera plac\u00e9 sous l\u2019autorit\u00e9 de&nbsp; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.arcom.fr\/\">l&rsquo;Arcom<\/a>. Des rappels \u00e0 l\u2019ordre, suivies d\u2019amendes&nbsp;pouvant aller jusque 25&nbsp;000&nbsp;\u20ac <strong>par infraction et par site<\/strong>, renouvelable tous les six mois, sont pr\u00e9vues.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Quels d\u00e9lais ?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Les contrats existants pourront continuer de s\u2019appliquer pendant encore cinq&nbsp;ans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Les guichets de banque et les bornes de billets de transport d\u00e9j\u00e0 install\u00e9s pourront continuer d\u2019\u00eatre utilis\u00e9s jusqu\u2019\u00e0 la fin de leur dur\u00e9e de vie. (maximum quinze ans apr\u00e8s leur mise en service).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Des d\u00e9lais sp\u00e9cifiques pourront aussi \u00eatre accord\u00e9s aux entreprises.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>La directive pr\u00e9voit \u00e9galement des exemptions pour les petites entreprises si les produits ou services, par leur nature, ne peuvent pas \u00eatre rendus accessibles, ou si le co\u00fbt de la mise en accessibilit\u00e9 est disproportionn\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cet article vous a \u00e9t\u00e9 utile ? Dites-le nous dans les commentaires ci-apr\u00e8s ! Retrouvez aussi nos autres articles sur le blog de Valoxy :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/valoxy.org\/blog\/la-revolution-numerique\/\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/valoxy.org\/blog\/actualites-de-juillet\/\"><a href=\"https:\/\/valoxy.org\/blog\/actualites-octobre-2025\/\">Actualit\u00e9s d\u2019Octobre 2025<\/a><\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/valoxy.org\/blog\/aides-a-la-transformation-numerique\/\">Aides \u00e0 la transformation num\u00e9rique<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/valoxy.org\/blog\/handicap-ce-que-change-la-loi-avenir-professionnel\/\">La loi Avenir Professionnel et le handicap<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/valoxy.org\/blog\/le-service-informatique\/\">Le service informatique, un r\u00f4le strat\u00e9gique<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/valoxy.org\/blog\/obligation-demploi-des-travailleurs-handicapes\/\">L\u2019Obligation d\u2019Emploi des Travailleurs Handicap\u00e9s<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La nouvelle directive europ\u00e9enne sur l\u2019accessibilit\u00e9 num\u00e9rique (European Accessibility Act) oblige tous les services digitaux \u00e0 faciliter leurs usages pour les personnes en situation de handicap. Elle est entr\u00e9e en vigueur ce samedi 28&nbsp;juin. Qu\u2019est-ce que \u00e7a veut dire ?&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":71813,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-71812","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-social-rh"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>L\u2019accessibilit\u00e9 num\u00e9rique\u00a0 | Blog Valoxy - Expertise comptable<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"L\u2019accessibilit\u00e9 num\u00e9rique, c&#039;est la mise \u00e0 la disposition des ressources num\u00e9riques \u00e0 tous les utilisateurs\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/valoxy.org\/blog\/laccessibilite-numerique\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"L\u2019accessibilit\u00e9 num\u00e9rique\u00a0 | Blog Valoxy - 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