{"id":62310,"date":"2022-11-29T08:30:43","date_gmt":"2022-11-29T07:30:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/valoxy.org\/blog\/?p=62310"},"modified":"2025-02-24T15:04:46","modified_gmt":"2025-02-24T14:04:46","slug":"reforme-de-assurance-recolte","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/valoxy.org\/blog\/reforme-de-assurance-recolte\/","title":{"rendered":"La r\u00e9forme de l\u2019assurance r\u00e9colte"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n<p>La r\u00e9forme de l\u2019assurance r\u00e9colte est une r\u00e9ponse aux \u00e9v\u00e9nements climatiques extr\u00eames qui s\u2019intensifient. Puisque ceux-ci n\u2019\u00e9pargnent aucune r\u00e9gion fran\u00e7aise, ils entra\u00eenent parfois des pertes consid\u00e9rables pour les agriculteurs. Par exemple, les s\u00e9cheresses r\u00e9currentes, temp\u00eates, gr\u00eales, gels tardifs, orages violents, vagues de chaleur\u2026 ont en effet un impact important sur le rendement des productions. Leur fr\u00e9quence met en p\u00e9ril certaines exploitations.<\/p>\n<p>La Loi d\u2019orientation relative a\u0300 une meilleure diffusion de l\u2019assurance re\u0301colte en agriculture a \u00e9t\u00e9 publi\u00e9e le 3 mars 2022. Plusieurs ordonnances, prises en juillet et en septembre 2022, en ont pr\u00e9cis\u00e9 les modalit\u00e9s de mise en \u0153uvre.<\/p>\n<p>Valoxy, cabinet d\u2019expertise comptable dans les Hauts de France, revient dans cet article sur le principe et les bases de la r\u00e9forme de l\u2019assurance r\u00e9colte.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><div class=\"encadre-style\"> Valoxy ouvre sa branche agricole : <a href=\"https:\/\/valoxy.org\/expertise-comptable-specialiste-du-milieu-agricole\/\"><span class=\"s1\">Valo&rsquo;Agri<\/span><\/a>. Ce sont maintenant trois interlocuteurs d\u00e9di\u00e9s, experts du monde agricole, qui sont \u00e0 votre disposition.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span>C\u00e9r\u00e9aliers, producteurs de cultures, \u00e9leveurs, maraichers, viticulteurs, arboriculteurs, centres \u00e9questres&#8230; Quelles que soient vos productions, nous vous accompagnons dans la strat\u00e9gie, la gestion et la fiscalit\u00e9 de votre exploitation agricole.<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p2\"><span class=\"s2\"><a href=\"https:\/\/valoxy.org\/expertise-comptable-specialiste-du-milieu-agricole\/\">Valo&rsquo;Agri, l&rsquo;expert-comptable sp\u00e9cialiste du milieu agricole<\/a><\/span><span class=\"s3\"> <\/div><\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #c1d72e;\">\u2014 <\/span><strong>Le constat<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Jusqu\u2019\u00e0 pr\u00e9sent, trop peu d\u2019agriculteurs \u00e9taient assur\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<p>Le b\u00e9n\u00e9fice du fond national de gestion des risques agricoles (le fonds de calamit\u00e9s agricoles, cr\u00e9\u00e9 en 1964), se limitait aux prairies et \u00e0 l\u2019arboriculture. Les grandes cultures, les vignes et le mara\u00eechage en \u00e9taient exclus.\u00a0 De plus, les d\u00e9lais d\u2019indemnisation \u00e9taient tr\u00e8s longs, et mettaient \u00e0 rude \u00e9preuve la tr\u00e9sorerie des exploitations.<\/p>\n<p>Enfin, l\u2019articulation de ce fonds avec les assurances laissait \u00e0 d\u00e9sirer.<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #c1d72e;\">\u2014 <\/span><strong>Les objectifs<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>la r\u00e9forme de l\u2019assurance r\u00e9colte a pour objectif de mieux indemniser les exploitants agricoles touch\u00e9s par les al\u00e9as climatiques,<\/li>\n<li>elle a aussi pour but de les inciter \u00e0 assurer leurs productions pour ce risque,<\/li>\n<li>elle va enfin am\u00e9liorer l\u2019indemnisation de solidarit\u00e9 pour les agriculteurs non assure\u0301s en cas de pertes lie\u0301es a\u0300 un e\u0301ve\u0301nement climatique majeur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #c1d72e;\">\u2014 <\/span><strong>La r\u00e9forme<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>La r\u00e9forme de l\u2019assurance r\u00e9colte institue une gestion \u201cpublic-priv\u00e9\u201d des risques climatiques en agriculture. Les assureurs auront pour mission de g\u00e9rer ce dispositif. Ainsi, la r\u00e9forme :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>simplifie le contrat multirisque climatique des r\u00e9coltes (MCR), et le rend plus lisible et plus accessible,<\/li>\n<li>modifie le dispositif des calamite\u0301s agricoles, \u00e9largi \u00e0 toutes les cultures :\n<ul>\n<li>en cr\u00e9ant un Fonds de Solidarite\u0301 Nationale (FSN), g\u00e9r\u00e9 par les compagnies d\u2019assurances,<\/li>\n<li>en mettant en place un re\u0301seau d\u2019interlocuteurs agre\u0301e\u0301s (les entreprises d\u2019assurance distribuant l\u2019assurance MCR subventionn\u00e9e). Ce r\u00e9seau se chargera, pour le compte de l\u2019\u00c9tat, de l\u2019indemnisation de solidarit\u00e9. Cela permettra aux agriculteurs de n\u2019avoir qu\u2019un interlocuteur unique par type de culture, et rendra leur indemnisation plus simple.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>encourage les assureurs \u00e0 travailler ensemble en conditionnant la proposition d&rsquo;offres assurantielles qui b\u00e9n\u00e9ficieront d&rsquo;aides de l&rsquo;\u00c9tat :\n<ul>\n<li>\u00e0 la cr\u00e9ation d&rsquo;un groupement d&rsquo;entreprises d&rsquo;assurance qui mutualisera leurs risques (pool de coassurance),<\/li>\n<li>en proposant une tarification technique commune (sur la base des garanties subventionnables).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>incite au partage des donn\u00e9es entre les assureurs et l\u2019\u00c9tat pour garantir\n<ul>\n<li>la transparence du march\u00e9 de l\u2019assurance agricole,<\/li>\n<li>une meilleure connaissance de la sinistralit\u00e9.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #c1d72e;\">\u2014 <\/span><strong>Comment \u00e7a marche\u00a0 ?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Il est \u00e0 noter que la nouvelle \u201carchitecture\u201d de gestion des risques climatiques en agriculture met en place un dispositif de couverture qui se d\u00e9compose en trois niveaux :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Les risques de faible intensit\u00e9 <strong>(risques courants),<\/strong> qui seront support\u00e9s par l\u2019exploitation agricole, comme aujourd\u2019hui.<\/li>\n<li>Les risques d\u2019intensit\u00e9 moyenne <strong>(risques significatifs)<\/strong>, qui pourront \u00eatre couverts par une assurance multirisque climatique des r\u00e9coltes (MCR), dont les primes feront l\u2019objet d\u2019une subvention pouvant aller jusque 70% de leur montant. L\u2019assurance n\u2019est pas obligatoire, mais encourag\u00e9e.<\/li>\n<li>Enfin, les risques dits \u201ccatastrophiques\u201d<strong> (risques exceptionnels)<\/strong>, qui recevront une indemnisation du Fonds de Solidarit\u00e9 Nationale (FSN) \u00e0 partir d\u2019un certain niveau de pertes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>A partir du 1er Janvier 2023, les exploitants devront<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>avoir d\u00e9sign\u00e9 leur interlocuteur unique dans le \u201cr\u00e9seau agr\u00e9\u00e9\u201d,<\/li>\n<li>avoir choisi entre :\n<ul>\n<li>la souscription \u00e0 une assurance R\u00e9coltes et\/ou Prairies, subventionn\u00e9e, plus protectrice, qui pr\u00e9voit la couverture de l\u2019\u00c9tat par le FSN et permet de compenser les pertes garanties \u00e0 100%, au-del\u00e0 de la franchise choisie,<\/li>\n<li>la seule couverture de l\u2019\u00c9tat (Fonds de Solidarit\u00e9 Nationale), gratuite mais beaucoup moins protectrice.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Le rendement assure\u0301 reste bas\u00e9 sur une moyenne historique (3 ou 5 ans), avec l\u2019introduction de d\u00e9rogations.<\/p>\n<p>Il n\u2019y a qu\u2019un seul niveau de subvention de la prime a\u0300 70%,<br \/>La franchise est subventionnable a\u0300 partir de 20%,<\/p>\n<p>Le d\u00e9clenchement de l\u2019indemnisation FSN interviendra d\u00e8s que les pertes atteignent :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>30% pour l\u2019arboriculture et les prairies, et<\/li>\n<li>50% pour les grandes cultures, les cultures industrielles et de l\u00e9gumes, et la viticulture,<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>en compl\u00e9ment des compagnies d\u2019assurances.<\/p>\n<p>La prise en charge des pertes par l\u2019Etat d\u00e9pend ensuite de la souscription d\u2019un contrat d\u2019assurance MCR.\u00a0Le seuil de perte qui d\u00e9clenchera l\u2019indemnisation sera d\u00e9fini par cat\u00e9gorie de culture. Les assur\u00e9s pourront pr\u00e9tendre \u00e0 une prise en charge de 90% des pertes, tandis que les non-assur\u00e9s n\u2019auront qu\u2019une prise en charge de 45% en 2023, 40% en 2024 et 35% en 2025.<\/p>\n<h6><strong>Dans tous les cas, pour pouvoir b\u00e9n\u00e9ficier du nouveau fonds de solidarit\u00e9 nationale (FSN), il faudra \u00eatre inscrit aupr<\/strong><strong>\u00e8<\/strong><strong>s d<\/strong><strong>\u2019<\/strong><strong>un assureur agr\u00e9\u00e9 par l<\/strong><strong>\u2019<\/strong><strong>Etat.<\/strong><\/h6>\n<p>Le sch\u00e9ma ci-dessous, \u00e9tabli par notre partenaire\u00a0<a style=\"background-color: #ffffff; font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-weight );\" href=\"https:\/\/www.abeille-assurances.fr\/assurance-professionnelle\/mon-activite\/agriculteurs-exploitants\/recoltes.html\">Abeille Assurances<\/a>, permet d\u2019identifier rapidement le niveau de couverture avec ou sans assurance r\u00e9colte.<strong><br \/><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-69225 size-full alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/valoxy.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/image.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"906\" height=\"598\" srcset=\"https:\/\/valoxy.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/image.png 906w, https:\/\/valoxy.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/image-300x198.png 300w, https:\/\/valoxy.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/image-768x507.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 906px) 100vw, 906px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Aujourd\u2019hui, il est indispensable de g\u00e9rer le risque climatique sur les exploitations agricoles. Pour en savoir plus, vous pouvez contacter Elodie VAMBRE, notre sp\u00e9cialiste agricole au 03 21 38 30 38 ou par mail \u00e0 <a style=\"font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-weight );\" href=\"mailto:evambre@valoxy.fr\">evambre@valoxy.fr<\/a>, <em style=\"font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-weight );\">ainsi que notre partenaire S\u00e9<\/em><em style=\"font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-weight );\">bastien Hedin, Agent g<\/em><em style=\"font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-weight );\">\u00e9n\u00e9ral Abeille Assurances, au 03 21 88 90 00 ou par mail \u00e0 <\/em><a style=\"font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-weight );\" href=\"mailto:s-hedin@abeille-assurances.com\">s-hedin@abeille-assurances.com<\/a><\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0<\/em>Cet article vous a int\u00e9ress\u00e9 ? Dites le nous dans les commentaires ci-apr\u00e8s ! Retrouvez aussi nos autres articles sur le blog de Valoxy :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/valoxy.org\/blog\/la-fiscalite-du-gfa-groupement-foncier-agricole\/\">La fiscalit\u00e9 du GFA (groupement foncier agricole)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"mkd-pt-link\" href=\"https:\/\/valoxy.org\/blog\/les-dispositifs-fiscaux-specifiques-a-lactivite-agricole\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener\">Dispositifs fiscaux de l\u2019activit\u00e9 agricole<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"mkd-pt-link\" href=\"https:\/\/valoxy.org\/blog\/la-deduction-pour-epargne-de-precaution\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener\">D\u00e9duction pour \u00e9pargne de pr\u00e9caution<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/valoxy.org\/blog\/la-politique-agricole-commune\/\">La politique agricole commune (PAC)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/valoxy.org\/blog\/les-benefices-agricoles\/\">Les b\u00e9n\u00e9fices agricoles<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/valoxy.org\/blog\/le-bail-rural\/\">Le bail rural<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La r\u00e9forme de l\u2019assurance r\u00e9colte est une r\u00e9ponse aux \u00e9v\u00e9nements climatiques extr\u00eames qui s\u2019intensifient. Puisque ceux-ci n\u2019\u00e9pargnent aucune r\u00e9gion fran\u00e7aise, ils entra\u00eenent parfois des pertes consid\u00e9rables pour les agriculteurs. Par exemple, les s\u00e9cheresses r\u00e9currentes, temp\u00eates, gr\u00eales, gels tardifs, orages violents,&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":62325,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-62310","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gestion"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>La r\u00e9forme de l\u2019assurance r\u00e9colte | Blog Valoxy - Expertise comptable<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La r\u00e9forme de l\u2019assurance r\u00e9colte a pour objectif de mieux indemniser les exploitants agricoles touch\u00e9s par les al\u00e9as climatiques,\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" 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