{"id":14221,"date":"2016-07-28T00:30:16","date_gmt":"2016-07-27T22:30:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/valoxy.org\/blog\/?p=14221"},"modified":"2024-09-26T16:58:10","modified_gmt":"2024-09-26T14:58:10","slug":"declaration-de-creance","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/valoxy.org\/blog\/declaration-de-creance\/","title":{"rendered":"La d\u00e9claration de cr\u00e9ance"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Lorsqu\u2019un acteur \u00e9conomique doit de l\u2019argent \u00e0 un cr\u00e9ancier, il est d\u00e9biteur de celui-ci, et lui est redevable d\u2019une cr\u00e9ance. Cette cr\u00e9ance se mat\u00e9rialise sous la forme d\u2019un document. Une facture, par exemple, \u00e9tablit une cr\u00e9ance. Parfois, \u00e0 cause d\u2019un souci judiciaire (liquidation, redressement), le d\u00e9biteur peut rencontrer des difficult\u00e9s \u00e0 payer cette facture, ou les montants dus, au cr\u00e9ancier. Il existe dans ce cas une formalit\u00e9 pour que le cr\u00e9ancier officialise le montant \u00e0 rembourser : la d\u00e9claration de cr\u00e9ance.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">Valoxy, cabinet d\u2019expertise comptable dans les Hauts de France revient dans cet article sur les modalit\u00e9s de la d\u00e9claration de cr\u00e9ances, ainsi que ses cons\u00e9quences juridiques.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">Qu\u2019est-ce que la d\u00e9claration de cr\u00e9ance ?<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">La d\u00e9claration de cr\u00e9ances est une formalit\u00e9 obligatoire\u00a0pour le cr\u00e9ancier d&rsquo;un d\u00e9biteur qui fait l&rsquo;objet d&rsquo;une<strong> proc\u00e9dure de sauvegarde, de redressement<\/strong> ou de <a href=\"https:\/\/valoxy.org\/blog\/liquidation-judiciaire\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>liquidation judiciaire<\/strong>.<\/a> L\u2019objectif de cette d\u00e9claration est \u00ab\u00a0d\u2019officialiser\u00a0\u00bb la cr\u00e9ance, \u00a0afin de pouvoir pr\u00e9tendre \u00e0 son r\u00e8glement. Ainsi, le cr\u00e9ancier exige l\u00e9galement\u00a0 que le d\u00e9biteur le paie.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11807 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/valoxy.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/contrat-3-gimp-70-1-300x193.jpg\" alt=\"d\u00e9claration de cr\u00e9ance\" width=\"185\" height=\"119\" srcset=\"https:\/\/valoxy.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/contrat-3-gimp-70-1-300x193.jpg 300w, https:\/\/valoxy.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/contrat-3-gimp-70-1.jpg 557w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 185px) 100vw, 185px\" \/>La d\u00e9claration de cr\u00e9ance est effectu\u00e9e dans le cadre d\u2019une proc\u00e9dure judiciaire, dont le jugement d\u2019ouverture aura \u00e9t\u00e9 publi\u00e9 au Bodacc (Bulletin Officiel des Annonces Civiles et Commerciales). Le cr\u00e9ancier fera la d\u00e9claration de cr\u00e9ance au maximum deux mois (quatre mois hors France M\u00e9tropolitaine) apr\u00e8s cette publication. Si cette d\u00e9claration n\u2019\u00e9tait pas faite au terme de ce d\u00e9lai, le cr\u00e9ancier ne pourra plus faire valoir ses droits. Il sera consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme forclos. N\u00e9anmoins, il est possible de relever la forclusion dans certains cas,\u00a0 si ce retard est justifi\u00e9 aupr\u00e8s d&rsquo;un juge-commissaire.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Quelles sont les cr\u00e9ances concern\u00e9es par cette d\u00e9claration\u00a0? <\/strong><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Cette d\u00e9claration concerne toutes les cr\u00e9ances existant avant le d\u00e9but de la proc\u00e9dure judiciaire. Concr\u00e8tement, on peut inclure une facture impay\u00e9e dans cette d\u00e9claration. N\u00e9anmoins, certaines cr\u00e9ances ne sont pas concern\u00e9es :<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>Les cr\u00e9ances salariales existant avant le d\u00e9but de la proc\u00e9dure judiciaire,<\/li>\n<li>Tant qu\u2019elles sont toutes apparues apr\u00e8s le d\u00e9but de la proc\u00e9dure judiciaire,\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>les cr\u00e9ances alimentaires,<\/li>\n<li>les cr\u00e9ances portant sur la fourniture d&rsquo;une prestation au cours de la p\u00e9riode d&rsquo;observation,<\/li>\n<li>et les cr\u00e9ances caus\u00e9es par le d\u00e9roulement de la proc\u00e9dure,<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Si le d\u00e9biteur est une EIRL, seules les cr\u00e9ances li\u00e9es au patrimoine affect\u00e9 \u00e0 l&rsquo;activit\u00e9 professionnelle en difficult\u00e9 sont concern\u00e9es.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Qui fait la d\u00e9claration de cr\u00e9ance ?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">La d\u00e9claration de cr\u00e9ance peut se faire par :<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>un mandataire tel qu\u2019un avocat par exemple,<\/li>\n<li>le pr\u00e9pos\u00e9 du cr\u00e9ancier (un salari\u00e9 muni d&rsquo;une d\u00e9l\u00e9gation de pouvoir\u2026),<\/li>\n<li>un huissier de justice,<\/li>\n<li>le cr\u00e9ancier lui-m\u00eame,<\/li>\n<li>le d\u00e9biteur, tant que le cr\u00e9ancier n&rsquo;a pas adress\u00e9 la d\u00e9claration de cr\u00e9ance au mandataire judiciaire,<\/li>\n<li>un tiers, sachant que dans ce cas, le cr\u00e9ancier doit confirmer la d\u00e9claration ensuite.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Quand faire la d\u00e9claration de cr\u00e9ance ?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">La d\u00e9claration de cr\u00e9ance peut se faire :<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>Avant m\u00eame que la cr\u00e9ance ne soit r\u00e9ellement \u00e9tablie par un titre. On fait dans ce cas la d\u00e9claration sur la base d\u2019une \u00e9valuation.<\/li>\n<li>Avant m\u00eame que son montant ne soit d\u00e9finitivement fix\u00e9. On fait dans ce cas la d\u00e9claration sur la base d\u2019une \u00e9valuation.<\/li>\n<li>Une fois la cr\u00e9ance \u00e9tablie et le montant fix\u00e9.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Que mettre dans une d\u00e9claration de cr\u00e9ance ?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">La cr\u00e9ance se r\u00e9dige avec sinc\u00e9rit\u00e9. Le cr\u00e9ancier devra ensuite la certifier comme \u00e9tant sinc\u00e8re. (sauf s&rsquo;il s&rsquo;agit d&rsquo;un titre ex\u00e9cutoire, tel qu\u2019un jugement par exemple).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Dans cette d\u00e9claration, il faut pr\u00e9ciser et joindre\u00a0:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>Le montant de la cr\u00e9ance avant le jugement d\u2019ouverture,<\/li>\n<li>Les dates originelles d\u2019\u00e9ch\u00e9ances,<\/li>\n<li>Si la cr\u00e9ance fait l\u2019objet d\u2019une garantie,<\/li>\n<li>Le montant des int\u00e9r\u00eats, leurs modalit\u00e9s de calcul,<\/li>\n<li>Les copies des factures, des bons de livraison \u2026 sous bordereau,<\/li>\n<li>Le caract\u00e8re d\u00e9finitif ou pr\u00e9visionnel de la cr\u00e9ance, si le cr\u00e9ancier est une administration.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Comment faire une d\u00e9claration de cr\u00e9ance\u00a0?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Une d\u00e9claration de cr\u00e9ance peut se faire :<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li class=\"li1\"><span class=\"s2\">directement en ligne sur le site du Conseil Nationale des Administrateurs Judiciaires et des Mandataires Judiciaires (CNAJMJ)\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnajmj.fr\/fr\/\"><span class=\"s3\"><b>ici<\/b><\/span><\/a>,<\/span><\/li>\n<li>ou par lettre recommand\u00e9e avec accus\u00e9 de r\u00e9ception, en envoyant le <a href=\"https:\/\/www.service-public.fr\/professionnels-entreprises\/vosdroits\/R22360\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>Cerfa\u00a0n\u00b010021*01<\/strong> <\/a>au repr\u00e9sentant des cr\u00e9anciers, au mandataire judiciaire, ou au liquidateur, lorsqu\u2019il s\u2019agit d\u2019une liquidation judiciaire.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">Et ensuite\u00a0?<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Le repr\u00e9sentant des cr\u00e9anciers ou le liquidateur re\u00e7oit la d\u00e9claration.\u00a0 Il dresse alors l&rsquo;\u00e9tat des cr\u00e9ances et \u00e9tablit des propositions d&rsquo;admission ou de rejet. Au final,\u00a0 le juge-commissaire tranchera et d\u00e9cidera de <em>l\u2019admissibilit\u00e9<\/em> de ces cr\u00e9ances.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">Pour plus d\u2019informations sur les proc\u00e9dures collectives, retrouvez nos articles sur le blog de Valoxy :<\/span><\/p>\n<ul class=\"ul1\">\n<li class=\"li2\"><span class=\"s2\"><a href=\"https:\/\/valoxy.org\/blog\/liquidation-judiciaire\/\"><span class=\"s3\">La liquidation judiciaire<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"li2\"><span class=\"s4\"><a href=\"https:\/\/valoxy.org\/blog\/redressement-judiciaire-24122014avalchrib\/\"><span class=\"s3\">La proc\u00e9dure de redressement judiciaire<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"li2\"><span class=\"s4\"><a href=\"https:\/\/valoxy.org\/blog\/procedures-collectives-personnes-concernees\/\"><span class=\"s3\">Les proc\u00e9dures collectives<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"li2\"><span class=\"s4\"><a href=\"https:\/\/valoxy.org\/blog\/procedure-de-sauvegarde-pour-entreprises-difficulte-19122014avalchriib\/\"><span class=\"s3\">La proc\u00e9dure de sauvegarde pour les entreprises en difficult\u00e9<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"li2\"><span class=\"s4\"><span class=\"s4\"><a href=\"https:\/\/valoxy.org\/blog\/retablissement-professionnel\/\"><span class=\"s3\">La proc\u00e9dure de r\u00e9tablissement professionnel<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"li2\"><a class=\"mkd-pt-link\" href=\"https:\/\/valoxy.org\/blog\/le-mandataire-de-justice\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Quelles sont les missions du mandataire de justice ?<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Lorsqu\u2019un acteur \u00e9conomique doit de l\u2019argent \u00e0 un cr\u00e9ancier, il est d\u00e9biteur de celui-ci, et lui est redevable d\u2019une cr\u00e9ance. Cette cr\u00e9ance se mat\u00e9rialise sous la forme d\u2019un document. Une facture, par exemple, \u00e9tablit une cr\u00e9ance. Parfois, \u00e0 cause d\u2019un&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":16629,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14221","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-juridique"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>La d\u00e9claration de cr\u00e9ance | Blog Valoxy - Expertise comptable<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La d\u00e9claration de cr\u00e9ance &quot;officialise&quot; la cr\u00e9ance sur un d\u00e9biteur qui fait l&#039;objet d&#039;une proc\u00e9dure judiciaire,\u00a0afin de pouvoir pr\u00e9tendre \u00e0 son r\u00e8glement.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/valoxy.org\/blog\/declaration-de-creance\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"La d\u00e9claration de cr\u00e9ance | Blog Valoxy - 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